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Deuteronomy 26 (Devarim)

Deuteronomy 26

Deuteronomy 26 (Devarim) Summary

Deuteronomy 26 (Devarim) discusses two topics in this chapter first fruits and tithing.

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Deuteronomy 26 (Devarim) Outline

Deuteronomy 26 (Devarim) can be navigated in three possible ways. (1) Jewish tradition of daily reading called Torah Portions. (2) Rabbi Johnathan Sacks proposed treaty (covenant) layout and finally (3) theme-based verses.

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Torah Portions:

  1. First Reading vv. 1 – 11
  2. Second Reading vv. 12 – 15
  3. Third Reading vv 16 – 19

Treaty (Covenant):

  1. Stipulations – Specific Provision: The details of the law, with special reference to how they are to be carried out by the people as a whole in the Land of Israel.

Verses Topics:

  1. vv 1-5 – SOMETHING

Deuteronomy 26 (Devarim) Verses

Parsha Ki Tavo #50
~ When You Enter~

FIRST READING

→ Stipulations – Specific Provision:

1 And it shall be, when thou art come in unto the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, and dost possess it, and dwell therein; 2 that thou shalt take of the first of all the fruit of the ground, which thou shalt bring in from thy land that the LORD thy God giveth thee; and thou shalt put it in a basket and shalt go unto the place which the LORD thy God shall choose to cause His name to dwell there. 3 And thou shalt come unto the priest that shall be in those days, and say unto him: ‘I profess this day unto the LORD thy God, that I am come unto the land which the LORD swore unto our fathers to give us.’ 4 And the priest shall take the basket out of thy hand, and set it down before the altar of the LORD thy God. 5 And thou shalt speak and say before the LORD thy God: ‘A wandering Aramean* was my father, and he went down into Egypt, and sojourned there, few in number; and he became there a nation, great, mighty, and populous. 6 And the Egyptians dealt ill with us, and afflicted us, and laid upon us hard bondage. 7 And we cried unto the LORD, the God of our fathers, and the LORD heard our voice, and saw our affliction, and our toil, and our oppression. 8 And the LORD brought us forth out of Egypt with a mighty hand, and with an outstretched arm, and with great terribleness, and with signs, and with wonders. 9 And He hath brought us into this place, and hath given us this land, a land flowing with milk and honey. 10 And now, behold, I have brought the first of the fruit of the land, which Thou, O LORD, hast given me.’ And thou shalt set it down before the LORD thy God, and worship before the LORD thy God. 11 And thou shalt rejoice in all the good which the LORD thy God hath given unto thee, and unto thy house, thou, and the Levite, and the stranger that is in the midst of thee.

Notes on Deuteronomy 26:5, 11

Deuteronomy 26:5
* A wandering Aramean אֲרַמִּי אֹבֵד  – Jewish sources usually translate as “An Aramean tried to destroy my father.” The Aramean is Laban.

Torah contains 4 things:

  1. Consonants – with vowels used to pronounce the word.
  2. Vowels – with consonants used to pronounce the word.
  3. Accent Marks – The accent marks serve three functions – (1) Word pronunciation – what to emphasis in the word. (2) Syntax – How to break up the sentence into smaller sentence, i.e., commas in English. (3) Chanting – How to chants the Torah in synagogue.
  4. Masoretic Notes – Margin notes and the end of codices. Rarely but sometimes between the lines of the text.

 

Deuteronomy 26:11

* and you shall rejoice וּשְׂמַחְתֶּם root word is שָׂמַח simha, joy – See note on Deuteronomy 12.7

SECOND READING

12 When thou hast made an end of tithing* all the tithe* of thine increase* in the third year, which is the year of tithing*, and hast given it unto the Levite, to the stranger, to the fatherless, and to the widow, that they may eat within thy gates, and be satisfied, 13 then thou shalt say before the LORD thy God: ‘I have put away the hallowed things* out of my house, and also have given them unto the Levite, and unto the stranger, to the fatherless, and to the widow, according to all Thy commandment which Thou hast commanded me; I have not transgressed any of Thy commandments, neither have I forgotten them. 14 I have not eaten thereof in my mourning, neither have I put away thereof, being unclean, nor given thereof for the dead; I have hearkened to the voice of the LORD my God, I have done according to all that Thou hast commanded me. 15 Look forth from Thy holy habitation, from heaven, and bless Thy people Israel, and the land which Thou hast given us, as Thou didst swear unto our fathers, a land flowing with milk and honey.’

Notes on Deuteronomy 26:12

Deuteronomy 26:12

* of tithing = לַעְשֵׂר from the root עָשַׂר  asar meaning tenth.

 

* all the tithe אֶת־כָּל־מַעְשַׂר
                            מַעְשַׂר masar – maaser / maasar/ maasrah – tenth part, tithe – 

Tithing Stats in Tanakh:
Gen. 14.20 = 1
Lev. 27. 30, 31, 32 = 3
Num. 18. 24, 26 (x2), 23 = 4
Dt. 12.6, 11, 17; 14.22, 23, 28; 26.12 (x3) = 9

Total Appearance in Torah = 18

Amos 4.4 = 1
Mal. 3.8, 10 = 2

Total Appearance in Prophets = 3

2 Chr. 31.5,6 (x2), 12 = 4
Neh. 10.37 (x2), 38 (x2), 12.44, 13.5 = 6

Total Appearance in Writings = 10

Tithing Stats Renewed Covenant

Mt. 23.23 = 1
Lu. 18.12 = 1

Heb. 7.5, 6, 8, 9 (x2) = 5

* increase תְּבוּאָתְךָ֛ root word is בּוֹא bo, – Actually means produce, crop.  NASB translates as tebuah: product, revenue — crop (4), crops (6), gain (1), harvest (4), income (4), increase (3), produce (10), product (3), revenue (2), yield (5), yield may increase (1). See note on Deuteronomy 12.6

* in the third year, which is the year of tithing

Deuteronomy 26:13

* the hallowed things – Lev. 22.3 holy things – unclean things.  You must be ritually clean.

THIRD READING

16 This day the LORD thy God commandeth thee to do these statutes and ordinances; thou shalt therefore observe and do them with all thy heart, and with all thy soul.* 17 Thou hast avouched the LORD this day to be thy God, and that thou wouldest walk in His ways, and keep His statutes, and His commandments, and His ordinances, and hearken unto His voice. 18 And the LORD hath avouched thee this day to be His own treasure, as He hath promised thee, and that thou shouldest keep all His commandments; 19 and to make thee high above all nations that He hath made, in praise, and in name, and in glory; and that thou mayest be a holy people unto the LORD thy God, as He hath spoken.

Notes on Deuteronomy 26:16

Deuteronomy 26:16

* all thy heart, and with all thy soul – only 1 place where YHVH say with all His heart, all His Soul Jer. 32. 37-41.

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[פרשת כי תבוא] א וְהָיָה כִּֽי־תָבוֹא אֶל־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ נֹתֵן לְךָ נַֽחֲלָה וִֽירִשְׁתָּהּ וְיָשַׁבְתָּ בָּֽהּ: ב וְלָֽקַחְתָּ מֵֽרֵאשִׁית ׀ כָּל־פְּרִי הָֽאֲדָמָה אֲשֶׁר תָּבִיא מֵֽאַרְצְךָ אֲשֶׁר יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ נֹתֵן לָךְ וְשַׂמְתָּ בַטֶּנֶא וְהָֽלַכְתָּ אֶל־הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יִבְחַר יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לְשַׁכֵּן שְׁמוֹ שָֽׁם: ג וּבָאתָ אֶל־הַכֹּהֵן אֲשֶׁר יִֽהְיֶה בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם וְאָֽמַרְתָּ אֵלָיו הִגַּדְתִּי הַיּוֹם לַֽיהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ כִּי־בָאתִי אֶל־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּע יְהוָֹה לַֽאֲבֹתֵינוּ לָתֶת לָֽנוּ: ד וְלָקַח הַכֹּהֵן הַטֶּנֶא מִיָּדֶךָ וְהִנִּיחוֹ לִפְנֵי מִזְבַּח יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ: ה וְעָנִיתָ וְאָֽמַרְתָּ לִפְנֵי ׀ יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ אֲרַמִּי אֹבֵד אָבִי וַיֵּרֶד מִצְרַיְמָה וַיָּגָר שָׁם בִּמְתֵי מְעָט וַֽיְהִי־שָׁם לְגוֹי גָּדוֹל עָצוּם וָרָֽב: ו וַיָּרֵעוּ אֹתָנוּ הַמִּצְרִים וַיְעַנּוּנוּ וַיִּתְּנוּ עָלֵינוּ עֲבֹדָה קָשָֽׁה: ז וַנִּצְעַק אֶל־יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֹתֵינוּ וַיִּשְׁמַע יְהוָֹה אֶת־קֹלֵנוּ וַיַּרְא אֶת־עָנְיֵנוּ וְאֶת־עֲמָלֵנוּ וְאֶֽת־לַֽחֲצֵֽנוּ: ח וַיּֽוֹצִאֵנוּ יְהוָֹה מִמִּצְרַיִם בְּיָד חֲזָקָה וּבִזְרֹעַ נְטוּיָה וּבְמֹרָא גָּדֹל וּבְאֹתוֹת וּבְמֹֽפְתִֽים: ט וַיְבִאֵנוּ אֶל־הַמָּקוֹם הַזֶּה וַיִּתֶּן־לָנוּ אֶת־הָאָרֶץ הַזֹּאת אֶרֶץ זָבַת חָלָב וּדְבָֽשׁ: י וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה הֵבֵאתִי אֶת־רֵאשִׁית פְּרִי הָֽאֲדָמָה אֲשֶׁר־נָתַתָּה לִּי יְהוָֹה וְהִנַּחְתּוֹ לִפְנֵי יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ וְהִשְׁתַּֽחֲוִיתָ לִפְנֵי יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ: יא וְשָֽׂמַחְתָּ בְכָל־הַטּוֹב אֲשֶׁר נָֽתַן־לְךָ יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ וּלְבֵיתֶךָ אַתָּה וְהַלֵּוִי וְהַגֵּר אֲשֶׁר בְּקִרְבֶּֽךָ: ס [שני] יב כִּי תְכַלֶּה לַעְשֵׂר אֶת־כָּל־מַעְשַׂר תְּבוּאָֽתְךָ בַּשָּׁנָה הַשְּׁלִישִׁת שְׁנַת הַֽמַּֽעֲשֵׂר וְנָֽתַתָּה לַלֵּוִי לַגֵּר לַיָּתוֹם וְלָֽאַלְמָנָה וְאָֽכְלוּ בִשְׁעָרֶיךָ וְשָׂבֵֽעוּ: יג וְאָֽמַרְתָּ לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ בִּעַרְתִּי הַקֹּדֶשׁ מִן־הַבַּיִת וְגַם נְתַתִּיו לַלֵּוִי וְלַגֵּר לַיָּתוֹם וְלָֽאַלְמָנָה כְּכָל־מִצְוָֽתְךָ אֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתָנִי לֹֽא־עָבַרְתִּי מִמִּצְוֹתֶיךָ וְלֹא שָׁכָֽחְתִּי: יד לֹֽא־אָכַלְתִּי בְאֹנִי מִמֶּנּוּ וְלֹֽא־בִעַרְתִּי מִמֶּנּוּ בְּטָמֵא וְלֹֽא־נָתַתִּי מִמֶּנּוּ לְמֵת שָׁמַעְתִּי בְּקוֹל יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהָי עָשִׂיתִי כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתָֽנִי: טו הַשְׁקִיפָה מִמְּעוֹן קָדְשְׁךָ מִן־הַשָּׁמַיִם וּבָרֵךְ אֶֽת־עַמְּךָ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאֵת הָֽאֲדָמָה אֲשֶׁר נָתַתָּה לָנוּ כַּֽאֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּעְתָּ לַֽאֲבֹתֵינוּ אֶרֶץ זָבַת חָלָב וּדְבָֽשׁ: ס [שלישי] טז הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ מְצַוְּךָ לַעֲשׂוֹת אֶת־הַֽחֻקִּים הָאֵלֶּה וְאֶת־הַמִּשְׁפָּטִים וְשָֽׁמַרְתָּ וְעָשִׂיתָ אוֹתָם בְּכָל־לְבָֽבְךָ וּבְכָל־נַפְשֶֽׁךָ: יז אֶת־יְהוָֹה הֶֽאֱמַרְתָּ הַיּוֹם לִהְיוֹת לְךָ לֵֽאלֹהִים וְלָלֶכֶת בִּדְרָכָיו וְלִשְׁמֹר חֻקָּיו וּמִצְוֹתָיו וּמִשְׁפָּטָיו וְלִשְׁמֹעַ בְּקֹלֽוֹ: יח וַֽיהֹוָה הֶֽאֱמִֽירְךָ הַיּוֹם לִהְיוֹת לוֹ לְעַם סְגֻלָּה כַּֽאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר־לָךְ וְלִשְׁמֹר כָּל־מִצְוֹתָֽיו: יט וּלְתִתְּךָ עֶלְיוֹן עַל כָּל־הַגּוֹיִם אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה לִתְהִלָּה וּלְשֵׁם וּלְתִפְאָרֶת וְלִֽהְיֹֽתְךָ עַם־קָדשׁ לַֽיהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ כַּֽאֲשֶׁר דִּבֵּֽר: פ

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Covenant & Conversation Commentary – The Late Chief Rabbi Johnanath Sacks’ last published commentary on the Torah.

The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon – One of the most used Hebrew and English Lexicons among serious Bible students.

Pentateuch & Haftorahs, By. Dr. J.H. Hertz – The Late Chief Rabbi of the British Empire was renowned for his writings and teaches. By many he is considered a must read. In the Preface Dr. Hertz calls this “a People’s Commentary”.

The Holy Scriptures
According to the Masoretic Text
The Jewish Publication Society translation
[1917] – Public Domain