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Deuteronomy 15 (Devarim)

Deuteronomy 15

Deuteronomy 15 (Devarim) Summary

Deuteronomy 15 (Devarim) begins with instructions about the Sabbatical (Shmita) year. YHWH promises the nations will borrow from Israel, but Israel will not borrow from the nations.

Extending credit to your Hebrew brother. However, there is a warning about abusing the Sabbatical year by not giving to the poor.

The proper treatment of the Hebrew slave and how to properly release the slave. However, if they choose to stay with you there is a process to mark him/her as a permanent slave. Even the female slave has rights. Told to recall your slavery in Egypt and YHWH will bless all your endeavors.

All first born cattle and sheep are not to be worked or sheared. They are to eat before YHWH in His chosen place. Blemished animals are forbidden to be sacrifices unto YHWH. Eating blood is forbidden once more.

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Deuteronomy 15 (Devarim) Outline

Deuteronomy 15 (Devarim) can be navigated in three possible ways. (1) Jewish tradition of daily reading called Torah Portions. (2) Rabbi Johnathan Sacks proposed treaty (covenant) layout and finally (3) theme-based verses.

Click to see Deuteronomy 15 Links

Torah Portions:

  1. Sixth Reading vv 1-18
  2. Seventh Reading vv 18-23 – continues in chapter 2

Treaty (Covenant):

  1. Stipulations – Specific Provision – The entire chapter

Verses Topics:

  1. vv. 1-6 – The Sabbatical Year, Shmita (The Year of Jubilee)

Deuteronomy 15 (Devarim) English Verses

Parsha Re’eh #47
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SIXTH READING

→ Stipulations – Specific Provision

1 At the end of every seven years thou shalt make a release.

Notes on Deuteronomy 15:1

Deuteronomy 15:1

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2 And this is the manner of the release: every creditor shall release that which he hath lent unto his neighbour; he shall not exact it of his neighbour and his brother; because the LORD’S release hath been proclaimed.

3 Of a foreigner thou mayest exact it; but whatsoever of thine is with thy brother thy hand shall release. 4 Howbeit there shall be no needy among you – for the LORD will surely bless thee in the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance to possess it –

5 if only thou diligently hearken unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to observe to do all this commandment which I command thee this day. 6 For the LORD thy God will bless thee, as He promised thee; and thou shalt lend unto many nations, but thou shalt not borrow; and thou shalt rule over many nations, but they shall not rule over thee.

7 If there be among you a needy man, one of thy brethren, within any of thy gates, in thy land which the LORD thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not harden thy heart, nor shut thy hand from thy needy brother; 8 but thou shalt surely open thy hand unto him, and shalt surely lend him sufficient for his need in that which he wanteth.

Notes on Deuteronomy 15:8

Deuteronomy 15:8

This is where we get the idea of tzedaka. Additional notes to be added.

9 Beware that there be not a base thought in thy heart, saying: ‘The seventh year, the year of release, is at hand’; and thine eye be evil against thy needy brother, and thou give him nought; and he cry unto the LORD against thee, and it be sin in thee.

10 Thou shalt surely give him, and thy heart shall not be grieved when thou givest unto him; because that for this thing the LORD thy God will bless thee in all thy work, and in all that thou puttest thy hand unto. 11 For the poor shall never cease out of the land; therefore I command thee, saying: ‘Thou shalt surely open thy hand unto thy poor and needy brother, in thy land.’

12 If thy brother, a Hebrew man, or a Hebrew woman, be sold unto thee, he shall serve thee six years; and in the seventh year thou shalt let him go free from thee. 13 And when thou lettest him go free from thee, thou shalt not let him go empty; 14 thou shalt furnish him liberally out of thy flock, and out of thy threshing-floor, and out of thy winepress; of that wherewith the LORD thy God hath blessed thee thou shalt give unto him. 15 And thou shalt remember that thou wast a bondman in the land of Egypt, and the LORD thy God redeemed thee; therefore I command thee this thing to-day.

16 And it shall be, if he say unto thee: ‘I will not go out from thee’; because he loveth thee and thy house, because he fareth well with thee; 17 then thou shalt take an awl, and thrust it through his ear and into the door, and he shall be thy bondman for ever. And also unto thy bondwoman thou shalt do likewise.

18 It shall not seem hard unto thee, when thou lettest him go free from thee; for to the double of the hire of a hireling hath he served thee six years; and the LORD thy God will bless thee in all that thou doest.

SEVENTH READING

19 All the firstling males that are born of thy herd and of thy flock thou shalt sanctify unto the LORD thy God; thou shalt do no work with the firstling of thine ox, nor shear the firstling of thy flock. 20 Thou shalt eat it before the LORD thy God year by year in the place which the LORD shall choose, thou and thy household.

21 And if there be any blemish therein, lameness, or blindness, any ill blemish whatsoever, thou shalt not sacrifice it unto the LORD thy God. 22 Thou shalt eat it within thy gates; the unclean and the clean may eat it alike, as the gazelle, and as the hart. 23 Only thou shalt not eat the blood thereof; thou shalt pour it out upon the ground as water.

Deuteronomy 15 (Devarim) English Verses

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דברים  מז 47

Deuteronomy 15 (Devarim) ברים Hebrew Verses

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ראה מז 47

יה  Chapter 15

[ששי] א מִקֵּץ שֶֽׁבַע־שָׁנִים תַּֽעֲשֶׂה שְׁמִטָּֽה: ב וְזֶה דְּבַר הַשְּׁמִטָּה שָׁמוֹט כָּל־בַּעַל מַשֵּׁה יָדוֹ אֲשֶׁר יַשֶּׁה בְּרֵעֵהוּ לֹֽא־יִגֹּשׂ אֶת־רֵעֵהוּ וְאֶת־אָחִיו כִּֽי־קָרָא שְׁמִטָּה לַֽיהוָֹֽה: ג אֶת־הַנָּכְרִי תִּגֹּשׂ וַֽאֲשֶׁר יִהְיֶה לְךָ אֶת־אָחִיךָ תַּשְׁמֵט יָדֶֽךָ: ד אֶפֶס כִּי לֹא יִֽהְיֶה־בְּךָ אֶבְיוֹן כִּֽי־בָרֵךְ יְבָֽרֶכְךָ יְהֹוָה בָּאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ נֹֽתֵן־לְךָ נַֽחֲלָה לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ: ה רַק אִם־שָׁמוֹעַ תִּשְׁמַע בְּקוֹל יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לִשְׁמֹר לַֽעֲשׂוֹת אֶת־כָּל־הַמִּצְוָה הַזֹּאת אֲשֶׁר אָֽנֹכִי מְצַוְּךָ הַיּֽוֹם: ו כִּֽי־יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ בֵּֽרַכְךָ כַּֽאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר־לָךְ וְהַֽעֲבַטְתָּ גּוֹיִם רַבִּים וְאַתָּה לֹא תַֽעֲבֹט וּמָֽשַׁלְתָּ בְּגוֹיִם רַבִּים וּבְךָ לֹא יִמְשֹֽׁלוּ: ס ז כִּי־יִֽהְיֶה בְךָ אֶבְיוֹן מֵֽאַחַד אַחֶיךָ בְּאַחַד שְׁעָרֶיךָ בְּאַרְצְךָ אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ נֹתֵן לָךְ לֹא תְאַמֵּץ אֶת־לְבָֽבְךָ וְלֹא תִקְפֹּץ אֶת־יָדְךָ מֵֽאָחִיךָ הָֽאֶבְיֽוֹן: ח כִּֽי־פָתֹחַ תִּפְתַּח אֶת־יָֽדְךָ לוֹ וְהַֽעֲבֵט תַּֽעֲבִיטֶנּוּ דֵּי מַחְסֹרוֹ אֲשֶׁר יֶחְסַר לֽוֹ: ט הִשָּׁמֶר לְךָ פֶּן־יִֽהְיֶה דָבָר עִם־לְבָבְךָ בְלִיַּעַל לֵאמֹר קָֽרְבָה שְׁנַת־הַשֶּׁבַע שְׁנַת הַשְּׁמִטָּה וְרָעָה עֵֽינְךָ בְּאָחִיךָ הָֽאֶבְיוֹן וְלֹא תִתֵּן לוֹ וְקָרָא עָלֶיךָ אֶל־יְהֹוָה וְהָיָה בְךָ חֵֽטְא: י נָתוֹן תִּתֵּן לוֹ וְלֹֽא־יֵרַע לְבָֽבְךָ בְּתִתְּךָ לוֹ כִּי בִּגְלַל ׀ הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה יְבָֽרֶכְךָ יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ בְּכָֽל־מַֽעֲשֶׂךָ וּבְכֹל מִשְׁלַח יָדֶֽךָ: יא כִּי לֹֽא־יֶחְדַּל אֶבְיוֹן מִקֶּרֶב הָאָרֶץ עַל־כֵּן אָֽנֹכִי מְצַוְּךָ לֵאמֹר פָּתֹחַ תִּפְתַּח אֶת־יָֽדְךָ לְאָחִיךָ לַּֽעֲנִיֶּךָ וּֽלְאֶבְיֹֽנְךָ בְּאַרְצֶֽךָ: ס יב כִּֽי־יִמָּכֵר לְךָ אָחִיךָ הָֽעִבְרִי אוֹ הָֽעִבְרִיָּה וַֽעֲבָֽדְךָ שֵׁשׁ שָׁנִים וּבַשָּׁנָה הַשְּׁבִיעִת תְּשַׁלְּחֶנּוּ חָפְשִׁי מֵֽעִמָּֽךְ: יג וְכִֽי־תְשַׁלְּחֶנּוּ חָפְשִׁי מֵֽעִמָּךְ לֹא תְשַׁלְּחֶנּוּ רֵיקָֽם: יד הַֽעֲנֵיק תַּֽעֲנִיק לוֹ מִצֹּאנְךָ וּמִֽגָּרְנְךָ וּמִיִּקְבֶךָ אֲשֶׁר בֵּֽרַכְךָ יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ תִּתֶּן־לֽוֹ: טו וְזָֽכַרְתָּ כִּי עֶבֶד הָיִיתָ בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם וַֽיִּפְדְּךָ יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ עַל־כֵּן אָֽנֹכִי מְצַוְּךָ אֶת־הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה הַיּֽוֹם: טז וְהָיָה כִּֽי־יֹאמַר אֵלֶיךָ לֹא אֵצֵא מֵֽעִמָּךְ כִּי אֲהֵֽבְךָ וְאֶת־בֵּיתֶךָ כִּי־טוֹב לוֹ עִמָּֽךְ: יז וְלָֽקַחְתָּ אֶת־הַמַּרְצֵעַ וְנָֽתַתָּה בְאָזְנוֹ וּבַדֶּלֶת וְהָיָה לְךָ עֶבֶד עוֹלָם וְאַף לַֽאֲמָֽתְךָ תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־כֵּֽן: יח לֹֽא־יִקְשֶׁה בְעֵינֶךָ בְּשַׁלֵּֽחֲךָ אֹתוֹ חָפְשִׁי מֵֽעִמָּךְ כִּי מִשְׁנֶה שְׂכַר שָׂכִיר עֲבָֽדְךָ שֵׁשׁ שָׁנִים וּבֵֽרַכְךָ יְהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תַּֽעֲשֶֽׂה: פ [שביעי] יט כָּֽל־הַבְּכוֹר אֲשֶׁר יִוָּלֵד בִּבְקָֽרְךָ וּבְצֹֽאנְךָ הַזָּכָר תַּקְדִּישׁ לַֽיהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לֹא תַֽעֲבֹד בִּבְכֹר שׁוֹרֶךָ וְלֹא תָגֹז בְּכוֹר צֹאנֶֽךָ: כ לִפְנֵי יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ תֹֽאכְלֶנּוּ שָׁנָה בְשָׁנָה בַּמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר־יִבְחַר יְהוָֹה אַתָּה וּבֵיתֶֽךָ: כא וְכִי־יִֽהְיֶה בוֹ מוּם פִּסֵּחַ אוֹ עִוֵּר כֹּל מוּם רָע לֹא תִזְבָּחֶנּוּ לַֽיהוָֹה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ: כב בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ תֹּֽאכְלֶנּוּ הַטָּמֵא וְהַטָּהוֹר יַחְדָּו כַּצְּבִי וְכָֽאַיָּֽל: כג רַק אֶת־דָּמוֹ לֹא תֹאכֵל עַל־הָאָרֶץ תִּשְׁפְּכֶנּוּ כַּמָּֽיִם: פ

דברים  מז 47

Deuteronomy 15 (Devarim) ברים Interlinear Verses


15.1  At the end of every seven years thou shalt make a release.

א מִקֵּץ שֶֽׁבַע־שָׁנִים תַּֽעֲשֶׂה שְׁמִטָּֽה

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Books

Covenant & Conversation Commentary – The Late Chief Rabbi Johnanath Sacks’ last published commentary on the Torah.

The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon – One of the most used Hebrew and English Lexicons among serious Bible students.

Pentateuch & Haftorahs, By. Dr. J.H. Hertz – The Late Chief Rabbi of the British Empire was renowned for his writings and teaches. By many he is considered a must read. In the Preface Dr. Hertz calls this “a People’s Commentary”.

The Holy Scriptures
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The Jewish Publication Society translation
[1917] – Public Domain